快速开始指南¶
这个指南将帮助你在5分钟内上手 SAGE Kernel，开始你的第一个流数据处理应用。
📦 安装¶
使用 pip 安装¶
# 安装核心包
pip install intsage-kernel
# 安装开发依赖（可选）
pip install intsage-kernel[dev]
# 安装企业版功能（需要许可证）
pip install intsage-kernel[enterprise]
从源码安装¶
🚀 第一个例子¶
1. 简单的数据转换¶
from sage.core.api.local_environment import LocalEnvironment
# 创建本地环境
env = LocalEnvironment("hello_sage")
# 创建数据流
numbers = env.from_batch([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
# 数据转换：平方并过滤偶数
result = (numbers
.map(lambda x: x * x) # 平方: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
.filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0) # 过滤偶数: [4, 16, 36, 64, 100]
.sink(print)) # 输出结果
# 提交执行
env.submit()
2. 文本处理示例¶
from sage.core.api.local_environment import LocalEnvironment
env = LocalEnvironment("text_processing")
# 模拟文本数据
sentences = env.from_batch([
"Hello SAGE Kernel",
"Stream processing made easy",
"Build powerful data pipelines",
"Real-time analytics with Python"
])
# 文本处理管道
word_count = (sentences
.flat_map(lambda s: s.lower().split()) # 分词
.map(lambda word: (word, 1)) # 转换为(word, 1)
.key_by(lambda pair: pair[0]) # 按单词分组
.reduce(lambda a, b: (a[0], a[1] + b[1])) # 统计词频
.sink(print)) # 输出结果
env.submit()
3. 实时数据处理¶
from sage.core.api.local_environment import LocalEnvironment
from sage.core.api.function import SourceFunction, SourceContext
import time
import random
# 自定义数据源
class SensorDataSource(SourceFunction[dict]):
def __init__(self, sensor_id: str):
self.sensor_id = sensor_id
self.running = True
def run(self, ctx: SourceContext[dict]):
while self.running:
# 模拟传感器数据
data = {
"sensor_id": self.sensor_id,
"temperature": random.uniform(20.0, 35.0),
"humidity": random.uniform(30.0, 80.0),
"timestamp": int(time.time())
}
ctx.emit(data)
time.sleep(1) # 每秒产生一条数据
def cancel(self):
self.running = False
# 创建环境
env = LocalEnvironment("sensor_monitoring")
# 添加数据源
sensor_stream = env.add_source(SensorDataSource("sensor_001"))
# 数据处理：检测异常温度
alerts = (sensor_stream
.filter(lambda data: data["temperature"] > 30.0) # 温度过高
.map(lambda data: f"🚨 Alert: High temperature {data['temperature']:.1f}°C from {data['sensor_id']}")
.sink(print))
# 启动处理（运行5秒后停止）
env.submit()
🔧 基本概念¶
Environment (环境)¶
- 管理计算资源和执行上下文
LocalEnvironment: 单机环境，适合开发测试RemoteEnvironment: 分布式环境，适合生产部署
DataStream (数据流)¶
- 代表数据的流动序列
- 支持链式调用的转换操作
- 延迟执行，构建计算图
Function (函数)¶
- 用户定义的数据处理逻辑
- 类型安全，支持泛型
- 内置常用函数类型
🛠️ 常用操作¶
数据源创建¶
# 从集合创建
stream = env.from_batch([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
# 从文件创建
stream = env.from_text_file("data.txt")
# 从多个文件创建
stream = env.from_text_files("data/*.txt")
# 自定义数据源
stream = env.add_source(MySourceFunction())
数据转换¶
# Map: 一对一转换
doubled = numbers.map(lambda x: x * 2)
# Filter: 过滤
evens = numbers.filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0)
# FlatMap: 一对多转换
words = sentences.flat_map(lambda s: s.split())
# KeyBy: 分组
grouped = words.key_by(lambda word: word[0]) # 按首字母分组
# Reduce: 归约
sums = grouped.reduce(lambda a, b: a + b)
数据输出¶
# 打印输出
stream.sink(print)
# 文件输出
stream.sink_to_file("output.txt")
# 自定义输出
stream.sink(MySinkFunction())
📊 完整示例：网站访问日志分析¶
from sage.core.api.local_environment import LocalEnvironment
from sage.core.api.function import MapFunction, FilterFunction
import json
from datetime import datetime
class LogParser(MapFunction[str, dict]):
"""解析日志行"""
def map(self, log_line: str) -> dict:
try:
# 假设是JSON格式的日志
return json.loads(log_line)
except:
return {"error": True, "raw": log_line}
class ValidLogFilter(FilterFunction[dict]):
"""过滤有效日志"""
def filter(self, log: dict) -> bool:
return not log.get("error", False) and "url" in log
class PageViewExtractor(MapFunction[dict, tuple]):
"""提取页面访问信息"""
def map(self, log: dict) -> tuple:
return (log["url"], 1)
def main():
env = LocalEnvironment("log_analysis")
# 模拟日志数据
log_lines = env.from_batch([
'{"timestamp": "2025-01-01T10:00:00", "url": "/home", "status": 200, "user_id": "user1"}',
'{"timestamp": "2025-01-01T10:01:00", "url": "/about", "status": 200, "user_id": "user2"}',
'{"timestamp": "2025-01-01T10:02:00", "url": "/home", "status": 200, "user_id": "user3"}',
'{"timestamp": "2025-01-01T10:03:00", "url": "/contact", "status": 404, "user_id": "user1"}',
'invalid log line',
'{"timestamp": "2025-01-01T10:04:00", "url": "/home", "status": 200, "user_id": "user2"}'
])
# 日志处理管道
page_views = (log_lines
.map(LogParser()) # 解析日志
.filter(ValidLogFilter()) # 过滤有效日志
.filter(lambda log: log["status"] == 200) # 只统计成功访问
.map(PageViewExtractor()) # 提取页面信息
.key_by(lambda pair: pair[0]) # 按URL分组
.reduce(lambda a, b: (a[0], a[1] + b[1])) # 统计访问次数
.map(lambda pair: f"Page {pair[0]}: {pair[1]} views")
.sink(print))
env.submit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🎯 最佳实践¶
1. 错误处理¶
class RobustMapFunction(MapFunction[str, dict]):
def map(self, input_str: str) -> dict:
try:
return json.loads(input_str)
except Exception as e:
# 返回错误信息而不是抛出异常
return {
"error": True,
"message": str(e),
"input": input_str
}
2. 配置管理¶
# config.py
CONFIG = {
"parallelism": 4,
"buffer_size": 10000,
"checkpoint_interval": "30s"
}
# main.py
env = LocalEnvironment("my_app", config=CONFIG)
3. 日志记录¶
import logging
# 配置日志
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class LoggedMapFunction(MapFunction[str, str]):
def map(self, value: str) -> str:
logger.info(f"Processing: {value}")
result = process(value)
logger.info(f"Result: {result}")
return result
4. 性能监控¶
import time
class TimedMapFunction(MapFunction[str, str]):
def __init__(self):
self.total_time = 0
self.count = 0
def map(self, value: str) -> str:
start = time.time()
result = expensive_operation(value)
self.total_time += time.time() - start
self.count += 1
if self.count % 1000 == 0:
avg_time = self.total_time / self.count
print(f"Processed {self.count} items, avg time: {avg_time:.3f}s")
return result
🚀 下一步¶
恭喜！你已经掌握了 SAGE Kernel 的基础用法。现在可以：
📞 获取帮助¶
- GitHub Issues - 报告问题
- 文档中心 - 完整文档
- 示例代码 - 更多示例